500「真正死士」 前線搏命人工偏低
(明報)2011年3月25日 星期五
【明報專訊】在搶修福島第一核電站的過程中，除了「50勇士」外，其實還有逾500人承擔著許多最繁重和危險的工作——在輻射 威脅下抬水管、清理碎石和做其他體力勞動，他們是數百名核能行業的普通勞工，教育水平並不高。
「我很怕。但總得有人去。」29歲的多田賢智，任職於專門生產防護塗層的東海塗裝株式會社（Tokai Toso Co.），他說正常情况下的工作，包括給反應堆設備腐蝕處添上防護塗料。周一他被安排與另外數百工作人員在核電站待命。
Pets Stores
東電無向搶修工人發加班費
這些人中有工程師和操作專員，其他人則主要負責拖電纜、鋪水管或在現場幹體力勞動。多田月薪約20萬日圓 （約1.9萬港元），遠低於日本 人月薪中位數的29.1萬日圓（約2.8萬港元）。雖然母親不讓他來，但他表示沒辦法，「總要有人做」。
東電及相關公司都承認，沒有額外付給這些工人加班費，或提供既有意外和疾病保險外的其他福利。他們辯稱忙於處理事故，無暇考慮這些事，工人亦未有提及，而且在危難關頭伸手要錢是失禮行為。東海塗裝株式會社資深常務董事池田義說，沒有一個人是為了錢而在這裏賣命。很多工作人員都是福島本地人，由於輻射關係被迫離開家園，他們非常願意盡力讓這裏恢復正常。與多田一樣，這批工人中許多教育程度不高。他們所具備的關鍵技能，就是對核電站環境很熟悉。
「福島50死士」鮮離保護屋
目前約有60名重要管理人員，由核電站負責人率領，住在核電站一個多重保護建築裏，外界稱呼他們為「福島50死士」，其實有點誤導，因為真正要冒死的，其實是更多像多田一類的最前線員工，所謂的「福島50死士」，主要是在幕後指揮修復工作，操作控制室並密切關注機組的各項指標。他們很少離開這座保護建築；相比下，其他普通工作人員每次完成工作後就撤出，留在輻射水平較低的地方。
周三，東電派出330名員工前往核電站，東海塗裝等東電稱之為合作企業的公司則派224人。工作人員穿戴防護裝備和面罩，每人身上有兩枚徽章，負責追蹤每次行程的輻射暴露量。
在核電站以西約32公里的田村市一避難所，一名核電設備工人說，本周初接到來電，奉命運送和鋪設為3號機組供水的管道。只有高中程度的他，薪酬與多田賢智相若，他說自己可拒絕任務，但他認為自己義不容辭，並說這樣他就會像在二戰期間執行自殺式任務的「神風敢死隊」一樣。但一名50多歲的工程師則坦言，害怕得不敢再進去受損的核電站，是在妻子的敦促下才再次回去工作。
華爾街日報 /朝日新聞
2011-03-27
日首富孫正義願照料逾千災民
日首富願照料逾千災民
2011-3-24
大公報
圖：日本首富孫正義表示將承擔部分災民一年的吃居飲食費用
新華社
【大公報訊】日本產經新聞、日本新聞網、中央社東京23日報道：日本首富、「軟體銀行」（Softbank）的華裔創辦人兼總裁孫正義22日親自到受災最嚴重的福島縣訪問，看望了遭受地震和核輻射雙重打擊的災民，並向田村市市民做出避難1年期間提供就業與糧食供應的保證。
孫正義和佐賀縣武雄市市長通渡啟佑一同前往災區，與田村市市長富塚宥進行會談。由於田村市位於福島第一核電站20到30公里的範圍內，全市4.1萬多人中，有3.7萬人依然在市內生活，並沒有疏散到其他城市。孫正義提議，讓災民以團體為單位進行避難。
Jobs Search
通渡啟佑說：「武雄市可以收容1200人，有空下來的廳舍」。孫正義也表示，「避難1年當中的交通、就業和飲食，都由我方（即軟體銀行集團）保證」。
地震期間電話任打
孫正義同時表示，願意在地震孤兒成長到18歲之前，提供他們手機和通話免費的支援。此前，有網友在Twitter上向孫正義提議，希望可以讓日本地震中成為孤兒、無支付能力的孩子免費通話，孫正義回覆：「就這麼辦。」其實，自日本11日發生大地震後，孫正義便立即宣布從3月11日起的一周內，凡日本國內通話，無論時間長短，一律免費。
孫正義領導的軟體集團旗下的「軟體通訊」目前是日本第二大的移動通訊公司，也是美國蘋果手機在日本的總代理。根據美國《福布斯》雜誌所公布的最新全球富豪榜，有華人血統的孫正義，是2011年的日本首富，個人資產為81億美元，排名世界第113位。過去兩年，日本首富一直是日本「優衣庫」（Uniqlo）的老闆「柳井正」。
個人資產81億美元
孫正義自稱出自春秋時代的著名兵法家孫武的一族，是從中國遷到朝鮮，到孫正義的祖父輩，又從韓國大邱遷到日本九州去。後代搬遷到朝鮮，再在日本定居。孫正義在日本定居已有三代。他的家族說：「孫氏和韓國固有的孫氏不一樣。我祖籍和漢民族的孫氏屬於同一根源。」1980年代末期，孫氏仍不是日本公民。他的日本妻子隨他姓孫。結婚後，法律承認了她的新姓氏，孫正義隨之而成為日本公民而不用改姓傳統的日本姓氏，直至1991年，孫正義才正式「歸化」為日本人，並擁有日本姓氏「安本」。
2011-3-24
大公報
圖：日本首富孫正義表示將承擔部分災民一年的吃居飲食費用
新華社
【大公報訊】日本產經新聞、日本新聞網、中央社東京23日報道：日本首富、「軟體銀行」（Softbank）的華裔創辦人兼總裁孫正義22日親自到受災最嚴重的福島縣訪問，看望了遭受地震和核輻射雙重打擊的災民，並向田村市市民做出避難1年期間提供就業與糧食供應的保證。
孫正義和佐賀縣武雄市市長通渡啟佑一同前往災區，與田村市市長富塚宥進行會談。由於田村市位於福島第一核電站20到30公里的範圍內，全市4.1萬多人中，有3.7萬人依然在市內生活，並沒有疏散到其他城市。孫正義提議，讓災民以團體為單位進行避難。
Jobs Search
通渡啟佑說：「武雄市可以收容1200人，有空下來的廳舍」。孫正義也表示，「避難1年當中的交通、就業和飲食，都由我方（即軟體銀行集團）保證」。
地震期間電話任打
孫正義同時表示，願意在地震孤兒成長到18歲之前，提供他們手機和通話免費的支援。此前，有網友在Twitter上向孫正義提議，希望可以讓日本地震中成為孤兒、無支付能力的孩子免費通話，孫正義回覆：「就這麼辦。」其實，自日本11日發生大地震後，孫正義便立即宣布從3月11日起的一周內，凡日本國內通話，無論時間長短，一律免費。
孫正義領導的軟體集團旗下的「軟體通訊」目前是日本第二大的移動通訊公司，也是美國蘋果手機在日本的總代理。根據美國《福布斯》雜誌所公布的最新全球富豪榜，有華人血統的孫正義，是2011年的日本首富，個人資產為81億美元，排名世界第113位。過去兩年，日本首富一直是日本「優衣庫」（Uniqlo）的老闆「柳井正」。
個人資產81億美元
孫正義自稱出自春秋時代的著名兵法家孫武的一族，是從中國遷到朝鮮，到孫正義的祖父輩，又從韓國大邱遷到日本九州去。後代搬遷到朝鮮，再在日本定居。孫正義在日本定居已有三代。他的家族說：「孫氏和韓國固有的孫氏不一樣。我祖籍和漢民族的孫氏屬於同一根源。」1980年代末期，孫氏仍不是日本公民。他的日本妻子隨他姓孫。結婚後，法律承認了她的新姓氏，孫正義隨之而成為日本公民而不用改姓傳統的日本姓氏，直至1991年，孫正義才正式「歸化」為日本人，並擁有日本姓氏「安本」。
2011-03-26
The Genetically Modified Organisms (Control of Release) Ordinance, Cap. 607
The Ordinance
The Genetically Modified Organisms (Control of Release) Ordinance, Cap. 607 (the Ordinance), gives effect to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity to control the release into the environment and the transboundary movement of living genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and provide for related matters.
Living organisms are defined as any biological entity capable of transferring or replicating genetic material, including sterile organisms, viruses and viroids. GMOs are living organisms that possess a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology which include the application of in vitro nucleic acid techniques (such as recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and direct injection of nucleic acid into cells or organelles), or techniques involving the fusion of cells beyond the taxonomic family, that overcome natural physiological reproductive or recombination barriers and are not techniques used in traditional breeding and selection. GMOs cover a variety of food crops (such as BT corn, anti-frost tomatoes and herbicide-tolerance soya beans), GM seeds, GM fish, GM flowers, etc. However, GMOs do not include non-living food products produced from GM crops, such as corn oil, soymilk and polished rice. They also do not include living organisms with genetic material altered through traditional breeding and selection techniques (e.g. hybrid rice and golden sweet maize).
Blue Mountain Greeting Cards
GMOs are regulated according to their intended uses, including:
GMOs intended for direct consumption as food or feed, or for processing (GMOs-FFP), such as virus-resistant papaya fruit, herbicide-resistant soy bean and BT maize;
GMOs intended for contained use, such as GM micro-organisms cultured in laboratories, transgenic plants growing in greenhouses and knock-out transgenic mice kept in cages; and
GMOs intended for release into the environment, such as seeds of GM crops to be sown on farmlands, experimental GM plants to be planted on open fields, and cut flowers of GM variety to be displayed in open area.
The Ordinance does not apply to or in relation to a GMO that is a pharmaceutical product for use by human beings.
The Ordinance ordains the following controls on GMOs in Hong Kong:
Restrictions on Release into Environment and Maintenance of Lives of GMOs
No one is not allowed to release a GMO into the environment, import a GMO intended for release into the environment or maintain the life of a GMO that is in a state of being released into the environment, unless:
the GMO has been approved and any condition for the approval has been complied with; or
the GMO has been exempted by the Secretary for the Environment from the restriction and any condition for the exemption has been complied with.
These restrictions do not apply to or in relation to a GMO that is in transit or transhipment. For detailed approval application process, please refer to the Guidelines for GMO Approval Application.
The approval will apply to all subsequent releases, after the GMO is approved and entered in the GMOs Register (www.afcd.gov.hk/gmo). There may be conditions attached to the approval. You may search the GMOs Register for the list of approved GMOs and the conditions for the approvals, before making an application or releasing a GMO into the environment of Hong Kong.
Contravention to the above restrictions commits an offence and is liable to a fine of HK$100,000 and to imprisonment for one year.
The Genetically Modified Organisms (Control of Release) Ordinance, Cap. 607 (the Ordinance), gives effect to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity to control the release into the environment and the transboundary movement of living genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and provide for related matters.
Living organisms are defined as any biological entity capable of transferring or replicating genetic material, including sterile organisms, viruses and viroids. GMOs are living organisms that possess a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology which include the application of in vitro nucleic acid techniques (such as recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and direct injection of nucleic acid into cells or organelles), or techniques involving the fusion of cells beyond the taxonomic family, that overcome natural physiological reproductive or recombination barriers and are not techniques used in traditional breeding and selection. GMOs cover a variety of food crops (such as BT corn, anti-frost tomatoes and herbicide-tolerance soya beans), GM seeds, GM fish, GM flowers, etc. However, GMOs do not include non-living food products produced from GM crops, such as corn oil, soymilk and polished rice. They also do not include living organisms with genetic material altered through traditional breeding and selection techniques (e.g. hybrid rice and golden sweet maize).
Blue Mountain Greeting Cards
GMOs are regulated according to their intended uses, including:
GMOs intended for direct consumption as food or feed, or for processing (GMOs-FFP), such as virus-resistant papaya fruit, herbicide-resistant soy bean and BT maize;
GMOs intended for contained use, such as GM micro-organisms cultured in laboratories, transgenic plants growing in greenhouses and knock-out transgenic mice kept in cages; and
GMOs intended for release into the environment, such as seeds of GM crops to be sown on farmlands, experimental GM plants to be planted on open fields, and cut flowers of GM variety to be displayed in open area.
The Ordinance does not apply to or in relation to a GMO that is a pharmaceutical product for use by human beings.
The Ordinance ordains the following controls on GMOs in Hong Kong:
Restrictions on Release into Environment and Maintenance of Lives of GMOs
No one is not allowed to release a GMO into the environment, import a GMO intended for release into the environment or maintain the life of a GMO that is in a state of being released into the environment, unless:
the GMO has been approved and any condition for the approval has been complied with; or
the GMO has been exempted by the Secretary for the Environment from the restriction and any condition for the exemption has been complied with.
These restrictions do not apply to or in relation to a GMO that is in transit or transhipment. For detailed approval application process, please refer to the Guidelines for GMO Approval Application.
The approval will apply to all subsequent releases, after the GMO is approved and entered in the GMOs Register (www.afcd.gov.hk/gmo). There may be conditions attached to the approval. You may search the GMOs Register for the list of approved GMOs and the conditions for the approvals, before making an application or releasing a GMO into the environment of Hong Kong.
Contravention to the above restrictions commits an offence and is liable to a fine of HK$100,000 and to imprisonment for one year.
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