內地夫婦來港誕嬰 10年增52倍
(明報)2011年4月12日 星期二
【明報專訊】立法會 議員張文光 關注，本港去年的出生率達8.8萬人，其中3.2萬人的父和母皆非香港永久居民，這個數字較10年前的620人，增加近52倍，增幅驚人。他認為本港已到了人口失衡的臨界點，政府若不制訂人口政策，幾年後即使只有三分之二在港出生、父母並非香港永久居民的內地兒童來港就學和生活，本港的教育、醫療、房屋和福利將馬上呈現緊張狀態。
張文光﹕商人口政策防失衡
張文光認為本港人口過多，會令教育、醫療、房屋和福利呈現緊張狀態，若人口過少、社會人口老化，卻會造成一個年輕人將來要養幾個長者。他要求政府應就本港的人口數目和人口質量，召開跨部門會議，討論及制訂相關政策。立法會相關的事務委員會亦應就人口政策，召開聯席會議討論。
Baby Gifts
立法會衛生事務委員會昨日討論本港的產科服務，張文光翻閱會議文件附件，發現在10年前，在港出生但父母並非香港永久居民的嬰兒只得620人，但從2006年開始，在港出生但父母均非港人的嬰兒出生率卻開始飈升，由1.6萬增至1.8萬、2.5萬、2.9萬，去年更飈升至3.2萬人（見圖），較10年前增幅近52倍，佔本港整體出生率達36%。
張文光估計是內地中介公司不斷推介內地孕婦來港分娩，其子女可以享有香港的醫療、教育、福利所引致的後果。事實上，產婦與配偶均非港人而湧來香港產子，已令本港的產科服務瀕臨「爆煲」。
張文光認為政府應制訂生產上限，保障本地孕婦不受限制使用本港公立或私家醫院的產科服務。他根據以往本地孕婦生產率，連同預計明年龍年產子人數會增加來推算，政府總體應預留5.6萬至6萬生產名額給本地孕婦，至於預留多少名額給內地孕婦，政府應按人口政策再分配。
張文光根據1990年代，小學一年級就讀的人數持續維持於8萬人左右來推算，政府把全港出生率訂在8.8萬之內亦屬合理，本港的教育、醫療、房屋和福利可以應付。
政府：有助紓緩人口老化
政府消息人士稱，面對人口老化，加上港人生育率長期偏低，原則上贊成內地孕婦來港產子，期望他們日後部分會來港定居，有助紓緩勞動人口老化萎縮。
基於他們有力負擔數萬元費用，相信都是來自中產甚至富裕家庭，日後成為香港福利包袱的可能較低。而且，國家的「十二五」規劃已經把包括醫療的6項優勢產業列作支持對象，在不損害醫管局 優先為本地居民提供服務的前提下，政府沒理由反對醫療業界擴充服務吸引內地人來港使用。
學者促把關保護醫療系統
香港大學 社會工作及行政學系教授葉兆輝亦認為，從人口發展角度，非港人父母在港誕下逾3萬嬰孩相信不會造成太大問題，因本港的總和生育率只是1.3%，與新加坡 相若。從醫療角度考慮，政府不能以自由經濟為藉口而不作干預，令這班孕婦危害醫療系統，故建議政府做好把關工作。
2011-04-12
港大新畢業生 炒樓月薪10萬 學者：港青急功近利 產業發展堪憂
港大新畢業生 炒樓月薪10萬 學者：港青急功近利 產業發展堪憂
(明報)2011年4月12日 星期二
【明報專訊】香港大學 一名經濟及財務學系去年度畢業生，畢業後旋即投身「地產狂潮」，在私人投資公司代客「炒樓」，未計佣金，月薪已高達10萬元，一躍成為去年度港大畢業生「打工皇帝」，超越同期金融和醫科等高薪同儕。但有港大社會學者憂慮「炒樓炒股教壞人」，擔心年輕人急功近利，社會難發展其他實質產業。
去年經濟財務系畢業
港大昨公布2010年度畢業生薪酬調查結果，調查在去年底至今年3月進行，訪問了3504名畢業生，其中九成為學士畢業生。港大學生發展及資源中心就業總監陳秉光表示，今年最高月薪畢業生來自經濟及財務學系，畢業後加入私人投資公司，為客人買賣物業，月薪高達10萬，較一般晉身投資銀行的金融分析員月薪逾5萬高近一倍。據悉，該學生加盟的公司以私募基金為主，作風較低調，學生的10萬月薪更未計算佣金。
Jobs Search
月薪中位數1.35萬 增7.7%
除該名打工皇帝，去年最高薪5名畢業生，另有2人為醫生，餘下為從事化妝品網上貿易及投資銀行，月薪超過5.7萬。
陳秉光表示，2010年畢業生的月薪中位數為1.35萬元（未剔除醫科生數字，剔除後為1.3萬元），較2009年增7.7%；總體平均月薪則為1.73萬元，較09年上升逾4%。另畢業生平均獲得2.09份聘書。整體有27.5%畢業生入職商界及金融，兩成人從事社會工作，另教育及政府工各佔約一成。
地產顧問：熟網上通訊有優勢
陳秉光認為，更多畢業生從事金融業，反映經濟已由金融海嘯中復蘇，而金融業為最大僱主，也有較多職位，至於入職政府畢業生微跌，陳秉光指出，政府職位經過多年重整，已漸趨平穩，相信招聘不會大增。
專業地產顧問商會主席汪敦敬表示，過去2年，他曾招聘大學畢業生任職地產投資顧問，「雖然他們沒工作經驗，但年輕人熟悉網上通訊工具，有利擴展網絡，只需要基本經濟知識，受僱主歡迎」。
中原人力資源顧問有限公司董事總經理周綺萍認為，本港樓市活躍，美國 不停印鈔，令市場有不少流動熱線，再加上通脹高企、銀行存款利息持續下降，熱錢流入樓市作資金保值，交投活躍自然吸引年輕人入行。
不過，香港大學社會工作及社會行政學系教授葉兆輝認為「炒樓炒股教壞人」，令年輕人變得急功近利，但同時政府也要負責，他說：「香港缺乏實際生產推動發展，六大產業，政府得個講字，連每年4萬個內地產婦都未能應付，如何發展醫療產業呢？」他建議年輕人應汲取金融海嘯和雷曼兄弟的前車之鑑，不要重蹈覆轍。
(明報)2011年4月12日 星期二
【明報專訊】香港大學 一名經濟及財務學系去年度畢業生，畢業後旋即投身「地產狂潮」，在私人投資公司代客「炒樓」，未計佣金，月薪已高達10萬元，一躍成為去年度港大畢業生「打工皇帝」，超越同期金融和醫科等高薪同儕。但有港大社會學者憂慮「炒樓炒股教壞人」，擔心年輕人急功近利，社會難發展其他實質產業。
去年經濟財務系畢業
港大昨公布2010年度畢業生薪酬調查結果，調查在去年底至今年3月進行，訪問了3504名畢業生，其中九成為學士畢業生。港大學生發展及資源中心就業總監陳秉光表示，今年最高月薪畢業生來自經濟及財務學系，畢業後加入私人投資公司，為客人買賣物業，月薪高達10萬，較一般晉身投資銀行的金融分析員月薪逾5萬高近一倍。據悉，該學生加盟的公司以私募基金為主，作風較低調，學生的10萬月薪更未計算佣金。
Jobs Search
月薪中位數1.35萬 增7.7%
除該名打工皇帝，去年最高薪5名畢業生，另有2人為醫生，餘下為從事化妝品網上貿易及投資銀行，月薪超過5.7萬。
陳秉光表示，2010年畢業生的月薪中位數為1.35萬元（未剔除醫科生數字，剔除後為1.3萬元），較2009年增7.7%；總體平均月薪則為1.73萬元，較09年上升逾4%。另畢業生平均獲得2.09份聘書。整體有27.5%畢業生入職商界及金融，兩成人從事社會工作，另教育及政府工各佔約一成。
地產顧問：熟網上通訊有優勢
陳秉光認為，更多畢業生從事金融業，反映經濟已由金融海嘯中復蘇，而金融業為最大僱主，也有較多職位，至於入職政府畢業生微跌，陳秉光指出，政府職位經過多年重整，已漸趨平穩，相信招聘不會大增。
專業地產顧問商會主席汪敦敬表示，過去2年，他曾招聘大學畢業生任職地產投資顧問，「雖然他們沒工作經驗，但年輕人熟悉網上通訊工具，有利擴展網絡，只需要基本經濟知識，受僱主歡迎」。
中原人力資源顧問有限公司董事總經理周綺萍認為，本港樓市活躍，美國 不停印鈔，令市場有不少流動熱線，再加上通脹高企、銀行存款利息持續下降，熱錢流入樓市作資金保值，交投活躍自然吸引年輕人入行。
不過，香港大學社會工作及社會行政學系教授葉兆輝認為「炒樓炒股教壞人」，令年輕人變得急功近利，但同時政府也要負責，他說：「香港缺乏實際生產推動發展，六大產業，政府得個講字，連每年4萬個內地產婦都未能應付，如何發展醫療產業呢？」他建議年輕人應汲取金融海嘯和雷曼兄弟的前車之鑑，不要重蹈覆轍。
2011-04-10
第3代iPad最快秋季面世
第3代iPad最快秋季面世
(明報)2011年4月9日 星期六
【明報專訊】正當蘋果鐵定4月於香港推出行貨iPad 2之際，著名財經雜誌《巴倫》網上版引述投資機構Avian證券分析員布賴森（Matthew Bryson）稱，多家電子零件生產商，包括美國 最大電腦晶片製造商Micron Technology均表示蘋果已發出下一代iPad的設計詳細規格，以及所需零件清單，布賴森稱按上兩代iPad的生產日程推算，估計第3代iPad最快將於6個月後，亦即在秋季面世。
Apple iPad
布賴森認為第3代iPad的開發，與iPhone 5下半年推出的時間表脗合，兩者可能同期推出，「這兩個平台硬件在各方面都很接近，我們認為蘋果很可能趁此時機，推出支援4G技術的產品」。布賴森認為第3代iPad的轉變，應不僅為類似iPhone 4「更換新款屏幕」的「沉悶」改動，而是為了推出高速連線及雲端系統，又或串流音樂等數據服務作準備。
開拓串流雲端戰線
布賴森認為這對NAND快閃記憶體生產商而言是壞消息，「記憶體生產商計劃未來的供應或生產發展時，預期了流動裝置方面有一定增長，但未有評估串流裝置可能帶來的不利影響」。隨著近期亞馬遜推出雲端串流/數據儲存產品，他認為Google和蘋果會緊隨其後，而蘋果很可能受益於iPad 3或iPhone 5一類的綜合電子產品，在硬件、作業系統或雲端平台獲得領先地位。
(明報)2011年4月9日 星期六
【明報專訊】正當蘋果鐵定4月於香港推出行貨iPad 2之際，著名財經雜誌《巴倫》網上版引述投資機構Avian證券分析員布賴森（Matthew Bryson）稱，多家電子零件生產商，包括美國 最大電腦晶片製造商Micron Technology均表示蘋果已發出下一代iPad的設計詳細規格，以及所需零件清單，布賴森稱按上兩代iPad的生產日程推算，估計第3代iPad最快將於6個月後，亦即在秋季面世。
Apple iPad
布賴森認為第3代iPad的開發，與iPhone 5下半年推出的時間表脗合，兩者可能同期推出，「這兩個平台硬件在各方面都很接近，我們認為蘋果很可能趁此時機，推出支援4G技術的產品」。布賴森認為第3代iPad的轉變，應不僅為類似iPhone 4「更換新款屏幕」的「沉悶」改動，而是為了推出高速連線及雲端系統，又或串流音樂等數據服務作準備。
開拓串流雲端戰線
布賴森認為這對NAND快閃記憶體生產商而言是壞消息，「記憶體生產商計劃未來的供應或生產發展時，預期了流動裝置方面有一定增長，但未有評估串流裝置可能帶來的不利影響」。隨著近期亞馬遜推出雲端串流/數據儲存產品，他認為Google和蘋果會緊隨其後，而蘋果很可能受益於iPad 3或iPhone 5一類的綜合電子產品，在硬件、作業系統或雲端平台獲得領先地位。
New study says plant-based foods help prevent cancer
New study says plant-based foods help prevent cancer
>> 吃是生活的一部份，也是生活取向，如何吃在朝朝看來，並無絕對的對錯，只有後果。^^
my reply
Sri Navadvipa Mandala Parikrama - Invitation 2011
I like these songs.- sung by Krishna das
Is Your Cell Phone a Health Hazard?
Understanding How Lighting Affects Home Efficiency
綠能建築大行其道，台灣環保觀念起飛
Pharmaceutical drugs causing spike in diseases they supposedly treat
Colgate accused of stealing, patenting ancient Indian toothpaste formula
Clove oil, camphor, black pepper, and spearmint -- are the exact same ingredients that have been used in traditional Indian toothpastes for many centuries.
Scientists issue urgent world-wide warning on bacteria with superbug gene
Clean water and hygiene education measures are likely to be more effective at reducing the spread of the disease than a vaccination campaign. The Trouble with the Cholera Vaccines
The ‘Unknown’ About Polio Vaccine: SV40 and Cancer
"There is no dispute that millions of Americans received polio vaccines that were contaminated with the virus called Simian Virus 40, or SV–40. There also is no dispute that SV–40 is capable of causing cancer, but there is a major dispute as to how many Americans may have received the contaminated vaccine, with estimates ranging from 4 million to 100 million people..."
Nuclear Energy Free No Nuclear Power Plants
反對核能發電
iHerb $5 Discount Off First Order
2011-04-09
墓地比別墅貴 死後被迫蝸居
墓地比別墅貴 死後被迫蝸居
2011-04-05
旺報 【記者師瑞德／綜合報導】
清明時節雨紛紛，路上行人欲斷魂；除了追悼先人，大陸民眾「斷魂」的理由又多了一個。根據調查，海南、廣州、重慶、濟南、深圳等地都湧現炒墓潮，一塊兩平方米的墓地動輒叫價十幾二十萬元（人民幣，下同）或更高，比別墅還貴！學者建議，不妨推廣「經濟適用墓」解決哄抬亂象。
一墓放5、6個骨灰盒
以靠近廣州市中心的墓地為例，普遍達到3萬元以上，廣州天河區中華墓園更飆漲到6萬到13萬元間；海口最便宜的墓地綜合費用也要上7000元，貴的墓地綜合費用竟達到了20萬元；而廣州一手樓均價為1萬3074元/平方米，海口全市商品房簽約均價7477元/平方米，可見得墓地每平方米均價早已超越房價。
Car Loans
由於買不起墓地，很多逝者不能入土，還出現了一個墓地安放5、6個骨灰盒的現象，有人戲謔地表示，「墓地價比別墅，居然死後還得蝸居。」
南海墓地漲幅逾15%
南海網調查海口的顏春嶺、海福陵園等多家知名墓地價格，結果顯示，顏春嶺的墓地的基本費用從2009年的3萬8000元一路漲到2011年的4萬 3800元，漲幅已經達到了15.26%，部分豪華型墓地漲幅則遠遠超過這個數據；據顏春嶺安樂園的工作人員介紹，該墓園目前最低的墓地綜合價約為 7000元，最貴的墓地綜合費用接近20萬；海福陵園墓地的管理處則透露，這裡最貴的墓地綜合費用也要接近20萬，並且清明之後部分墓地價格還將上漲。
《南方日報》則走訪廣州花都、天河、增城等多家墓園瞭解到，一塊兩平方米的墓地動輒需要數萬元，越是靠近廣州市中心的墓地均價越高，有些甚至高達十幾萬元；天價墓地的背後，有土地資源緊缺的因素，同時，也有不少商家趁機炒墓的身影。
大陸媒體調查發現，天價墓地背後，炒墓之風愈演愈烈；有學者批評，炒墓地就像炒房子一樣；墓地供需緊張的大背景下，有業內人士提出，不如推行「經濟適用墓」，同時要引導市民理性消費；廣東省社會學學會會長范英教授建議，以廣州的經濟實力，不妨推行「經濟適用墓」。
廣州市民吳先生認為，有錢買豪華墓地的畢竟是少數，收入較低的人群買不起墓地，因此，大陸官方可以考慮將墓葬作為一項公共服務來管理。
2011-04-08
Website maps what Americans look for in love
Website maps what Americans look for in love
By Karin Zeitvogel (AFP)
4/07/2011
WASHINGTON — In the cosmopolitan US capital, singles are seeking everything from "Morocco" to "Ethiopia", "Kazakhstan" and "steppes", to "Ascot" and "Bourgogne."
In oil-town Houston, lonely hearts are looking for "rich" "entrepreneurs", while in remote Maine, they desire "unmanly" "vampiric" types.
Those are the words that come up most often on the profiles people write to describe themselves and their ideal soulmate when they join a dating site.
Dating Personals USA
Artist and composer R. Luke DuBois has put them together to form an interactive map of lovelorn America.
DuBois joined 21 online dating services to craft his project, called "A More Perfect Union," which maps the entire United States, replacing the names of towns, cities and neighborhoods with the words people use most on matchmaker sites to say who they are and who they want to be with.
"A More Perfect Union" is a census of people's longings, fantasies and even their dark sides -- like the people or person in Colorado who used "killed" most often on dating sites, and the one in Utah who was looking for "dead."
DuBois did not attempt to explain why American lonely hearts use certain words over and over again. He just mapped them.
He said his lonely hearts census paints a better picture of who Americans are than the official census carried out every 10 years by the US government, which "gives us insight into our income, jobs, homes, ages, and backgrounds."
"What if, instead of looking at whether we own or rent our homes, we looked at what people do on a Saturday night?
"What if, instead of tallying ancestry or the type of industry in which we work, we found out what kind of person we want to love?" wondered DuBois.
The maps contain "20,262 unique words, based on the analysis of online dating profiles from 19,095,414 single Americans," he said.
"Each word appears in the place it's used more frequently than anywhere else in the country."
Words are enlarged by mousing over them, although some of the maps -- such as the one of New York City -- are illegible.
On the easier-to-read state maps, DuBois's research tells us that people in the eastern part of Wisconsin are looking for "blindfolded" "German" "brewers" with a "saloon" and a "suntan", while residents of the Maryland suburbs of Washington are seeking "excitement" with an "interesting", "presidential" "senator".
In Massachusetts, "rugby", "avocados", "asses" and "Irish" are among qualities being looked for in a potential mate.
Southern Californians seek "artistic" "writers" with "tattoos," who are into "acting", "film" or "entertainment".
By Karin Zeitvogel (AFP)
4/07/2011
WASHINGTON — In the cosmopolitan US capital, singles are seeking everything from "Morocco" to "Ethiopia", "Kazakhstan" and "steppes", to "Ascot" and "Bourgogne."
In oil-town Houston, lonely hearts are looking for "rich" "entrepreneurs", while in remote Maine, they desire "unmanly" "vampiric" types.
Those are the words that come up most often on the profiles people write to describe themselves and their ideal soulmate when they join a dating site.
Dating Personals USA
Artist and composer R. Luke DuBois has put them together to form an interactive map of lovelorn America.
DuBois joined 21 online dating services to craft his project, called "A More Perfect Union," which maps the entire United States, replacing the names of towns, cities and neighborhoods with the words people use most on matchmaker sites to say who they are and who they want to be with.
"A More Perfect Union" is a census of people's longings, fantasies and even their dark sides -- like the people or person in Colorado who used "killed" most often on dating sites, and the one in Utah who was looking for "dead."
DuBois did not attempt to explain why American lonely hearts use certain words over and over again. He just mapped them.
He said his lonely hearts census paints a better picture of who Americans are than the official census carried out every 10 years by the US government, which "gives us insight into our income, jobs, homes, ages, and backgrounds."
"What if, instead of looking at whether we own or rent our homes, we looked at what people do on a Saturday night?
"What if, instead of tallying ancestry or the type of industry in which we work, we found out what kind of person we want to love?" wondered DuBois.
The maps contain "20,262 unique words, based on the analysis of online dating profiles from 19,095,414 single Americans," he said.
"Each word appears in the place it's used more frequently than anywhere else in the country."
Words are enlarged by mousing over them, although some of the maps -- such as the one of New York City -- are illegible.
On the easier-to-read state maps, DuBois's research tells us that people in the eastern part of Wisconsin are looking for "blindfolded" "German" "brewers" with a "saloon" and a "suntan", while residents of the Maryland suburbs of Washington are seeking "excitement" with an "interesting", "presidential" "senator".
In Massachusetts, "rugby", "avocados", "asses" and "Irish" are among qualities being looked for in a potential mate.
Southern Californians seek "artistic" "writers" with "tattoos," who are into "acting", "film" or "entertainment".
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Nuclear Energy Free No Nuclear Power Plants
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iHerb $5 Discount Off First Order
Senokot (senna)
Senokot (senna)
Main use Active ingredient Manufacturer
Constipation Senna Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare
How does it work?
Senokot tablets, max strength tablets and syrup all contain the active ingredient senna, which is a type of medicine called a stimulant laxative. It is used to treat constipation. (NB. Senna is also available without a brand name, ie as the generic medicine.).
Senna works by stimulating the nerve endings in the walls of the large intestine (colon) and rectum. This causes the muscles in the intestinal wall to contract more often and with increased force. When these muscles contract (a process known as peristalsis), this moves the contents of the intestine through the colon to the rectum so that the bowel can be emptied. This relieves constipation.
Drugstores Online
Senna contains sennosides which are activated by the natural bacteria that are found in the colon, so it does not start working until it reaches this part of the gut. As senna increases the activity of the muscle in the gut it can cause stomach cramps.
Senokot tablets and syrup start to work eight to twelve hours after you take them. The recommended dose should be taken at night to produce relief from constipation the following morning.
What is it used for?
Constipation.
Warning!
You should not take this medicine if you have severe abdominal pain together with feeling sick and vomiting, as this could indicate that you have a more serious condition that needs investigating. Consult your doctor instead.
You should make sure that you drink plenty of fluids while taking this medicine, as this will also help the constipation.
If you don't have a bowel movement after three days of taking this medicine you should consult your doctor. If you find you need to use a laxative every day you should consult your doctor so that the cause of the constipation can be investigated. Laxatives should not be used on a continuous basis for longer than seven days without consulting your doctor.
Prolonged, excessive use of laxatives can lead to chronic diarrhoea, low potassium levels in the blood (hypokalaemia) and an imbalance in the amount of fluid and salts (electrolytes) in your body, particularly if you are also taking diuretic or steroid medicines. This can cause kidney problems, amongst others. Prolonged, excessive use may also make the constipation worse in the long-term, as the gut can become reliant on the laxative.
Use with caution in
People who have recently had surgery on the bowel.
Not to be used in
People with a blockage in the gut (intestinal obstruction).
People with a colostomy or ileostomy.
People with any bleeding from the stomach or intestine.
Senokot tablets are not recommended for children under six years of age. Senokot syrup should not be used in children under two years of age, unless on the advice of a doctor. (NB. When treating constipation in children older than this you should always seek the advice of a doctor first.)
This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy.
If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.
This medicine is not known to be harmful if taken during pregnancy. However, as with all medicines, you should seek medical advice from your doctor before taking this medicine if you are pregnant, particularly if you are in your first trimester. Other methods of relieving constipation may be more suitable for you.
There are no known harmful effects when this medicine is used by breastfeeding mothers.
Side effects
Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Just because a side effect is stated here does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.
Stomach pain and cramps.
Excessive use can cause diarrhoea and low levels of potassium in the blood (see warning above). You should not exceed the recommended dose.
The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the medicine's manufacturer.
For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.
How can this medicine affect other medicines?
This medicine is not known to affect other medicines. However, if you are already taking any other medicines, including those bought without a prescription and herbal medicines, you should ask your pharmacist for advice before taking this one as well.
Other medicines containing the same active ingredient
Ex-Lax senna
Senna tablets and syrup are also available without a brand name, ie as the generic medicine.
Main use Active ingredient Manufacturer
Constipation Senna Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare
How does it work?
Senokot tablets, max strength tablets and syrup all contain the active ingredient senna, which is a type of medicine called a stimulant laxative. It is used to treat constipation. (NB. Senna is also available without a brand name, ie as the generic medicine.).
Senna works by stimulating the nerve endings in the walls of the large intestine (colon) and rectum. This causes the muscles in the intestinal wall to contract more often and with increased force. When these muscles contract (a process known as peristalsis), this moves the contents of the intestine through the colon to the rectum so that the bowel can be emptied. This relieves constipation.
Drugstores Online
Senna contains sennosides which are activated by the natural bacteria that are found in the colon, so it does not start working until it reaches this part of the gut. As senna increases the activity of the muscle in the gut it can cause stomach cramps.
Senokot tablets and syrup start to work eight to twelve hours after you take them. The recommended dose should be taken at night to produce relief from constipation the following morning.
What is it used for?
Constipation.
Warning!
You should not take this medicine if you have severe abdominal pain together with feeling sick and vomiting, as this could indicate that you have a more serious condition that needs investigating. Consult your doctor instead.
You should make sure that you drink plenty of fluids while taking this medicine, as this will also help the constipation.
If you don't have a bowel movement after three days of taking this medicine you should consult your doctor. If you find you need to use a laxative every day you should consult your doctor so that the cause of the constipation can be investigated. Laxatives should not be used on a continuous basis for longer than seven days without consulting your doctor.
Prolonged, excessive use of laxatives can lead to chronic diarrhoea, low potassium levels in the blood (hypokalaemia) and an imbalance in the amount of fluid and salts (electrolytes) in your body, particularly if you are also taking diuretic or steroid medicines. This can cause kidney problems, amongst others. Prolonged, excessive use may also make the constipation worse in the long-term, as the gut can become reliant on the laxative.
Use with caution in
People who have recently had surgery on the bowel.
Not to be used in
People with a blockage in the gut (intestinal obstruction).
People with a colostomy or ileostomy.
People with any bleeding from the stomach or intestine.
Senokot tablets are not recommended for children under six years of age. Senokot syrup should not be used in children under two years of age, unless on the advice of a doctor. (NB. When treating constipation in children older than this you should always seek the advice of a doctor first.)
This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy.
If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.
This medicine is not known to be harmful if taken during pregnancy. However, as with all medicines, you should seek medical advice from your doctor before taking this medicine if you are pregnant, particularly if you are in your first trimester. Other methods of relieving constipation may be more suitable for you.
There are no known harmful effects when this medicine is used by breastfeeding mothers.
Side effects
Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Just because a side effect is stated here does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.
Stomach pain and cramps.
Excessive use can cause diarrhoea and low levels of potassium in the blood (see warning above). You should not exceed the recommended dose.
The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the medicine's manufacturer.
For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.
How can this medicine affect other medicines?
This medicine is not known to affect other medicines. However, if you are already taking any other medicines, including those bought without a prescription and herbal medicines, you should ask your pharmacist for advice before taking this one as well.
Other medicines containing the same active ingredient
Ex-Lax senna
Senna tablets and syrup are also available without a brand name, ie as the generic medicine.
Lactulose
Lactulose
pronounced as(lak' tyoo lose)
Lactulose is a synthetic sugar used to treat constipation. It is broken down in the colon into products that pull water out from the body and into the colon. This water softens stools. Lactulose is also used to reduce the amount of ammonia in the blood of patients with liver disease. It works by drawing ammonia from the blood into the colon where it is removed from the body.
This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Drugstores Online
How should this medicine be used?
Lactulose comes as liquid to take by mouth. It usually is taken once a day for treatment of constipation and three or four times a day for liver disease. Your prescription label tells you how much medicine to take at each dose. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take lactulose exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
What special precautions should I follow?
Before taking lactulose, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to lactulose or any other drugs.
tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially antacids, antibiotics including neomycin (Mycifradin), and other laxatives.
tell your doctor if you have diabetes or require a low-lactose diet.
tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking lactulose, call your doctor.
if you are having surgery or tests on your colon or rectum, tell the doctor that you are taking lactulose.
What should I do if I forget a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
What side effects can this medication cause?
Lactulose may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
diarrhea
gas
nausea
Common side effects are abdominal cramping, borborygmus, gas and pungent flatulence that some people find difficult to control in social situations. Excessively high dosage can cause explosive and uncontrollable diarrhea, and possibly vomiting. In normal individuals, overdose is considered uncomfortable, but not life threatening. Uncommon normal side effects are nausea and vomiting.
In sensitive individuals, such as the elderly or people with reduced kidney function, excess dosage can result in dehydration and electrolytic disturbances such as high sodium levels.
If you have any of the following symptoms, stop taking lactulose and call your doctor immediately:
stomach pain or cramps
vomiting
If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online [at http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch] or by phone [1-800-332-1088].
What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication.
What other information should I know?
Keep all appointments with your doctor.
To improve the taste of lactulose, mix your dose with one-half glass of water, milk, or fruit juice.
Do not let anyone else take your medicine. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about refilling your prescription.
It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.
Brand names
Cholac® Syrup
Constilac® Syrup
Constulose®
Enulose®
Evalose® Syrup
Generlac®
Heptalac®
Kristalose®
pronounced as(lak' tyoo lose)
Lactulose is a synthetic sugar used to treat constipation. It is broken down in the colon into products that pull water out from the body and into the colon. This water softens stools. Lactulose is also used to reduce the amount of ammonia in the blood of patients with liver disease. It works by drawing ammonia from the blood into the colon where it is removed from the body.
This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Drugstores Online
How should this medicine be used?
Lactulose comes as liquid to take by mouth. It usually is taken once a day for treatment of constipation and three or four times a day for liver disease. Your prescription label tells you how much medicine to take at each dose. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take lactulose exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
What special precautions should I follow?
Before taking lactulose, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to lactulose or any other drugs.
tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially antacids, antibiotics including neomycin (Mycifradin), and other laxatives.
tell your doctor if you have diabetes or require a low-lactose diet.
tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking lactulose, call your doctor.
if you are having surgery or tests on your colon or rectum, tell the doctor that you are taking lactulose.
What should I do if I forget a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
What side effects can this medication cause?
Lactulose may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
diarrhea
gas
nausea
Common side effects are abdominal cramping, borborygmus, gas and pungent flatulence that some people find difficult to control in social situations. Excessively high dosage can cause explosive and uncontrollable diarrhea, and possibly vomiting. In normal individuals, overdose is considered uncomfortable, but not life threatening. Uncommon normal side effects are nausea and vomiting.
In sensitive individuals, such as the elderly or people with reduced kidney function, excess dosage can result in dehydration and electrolytic disturbances such as high sodium levels.
If you have any of the following symptoms, stop taking lactulose and call your doctor immediately:
stomach pain or cramps
vomiting
If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online [at http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch] or by phone [1-800-332-1088].
What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication.
What other information should I know?
Keep all appointments with your doctor.
To improve the taste of lactulose, mix your dose with one-half glass of water, milk, or fruit juice.
Do not let anyone else take your medicine. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about refilling your prescription.
It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.
Brand names
Cholac® Syrup
Constilac® Syrup
Constulose®
Enulose®
Evalose® Syrup
Generlac®
Heptalac®
Kristalose®
2011-04-07
How to clean the main cleaner of your body Gall-Bladder Flush
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Doctor pursues career exposing lies, quackery and fraud in "medical science"
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中國專家培育基因改造乳牛產出類人奶
Don’t Let Your Child Be the Next Victim
of This Deadly Vaccine - Gardasil
of This Deadly Vaccine - Gardasil
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成分和營養都跟人奶相近的類人奶 10年內上巿
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The latest scientific abomination: Genetically modified cows produce human breast milk
Amazing Liquid
put cornstarch, water and science together.. this is what you get!
Ching Hai's cult
Check out the last few messages posted by "puresoul"
iHerb $5 Discount Off First Order
2011-04-04
Microwaved water kills plant in home grown experiment
飲酒有益是謊言
Earthlings - Full length documentary (multi-subtitles)
Most people turn a blind eye and dont want to know where their food comes from.
EARTHLINGS is a powerful and informative documentary about society's tragic and unforgivable use of nonhuman animals, narrated by Joaquin Phoenix with soundtrack by Moby. Directed by Shaun Monson, this multi-award winning film by Nation Earth is a must-see for anyone who cares about nonhuman animals or wishes to make the world a better place.
PLEASE: don't run from reality.
Make Your Own Vegetarian Sushi
Enjoy recipe for Thai Style Quinoa with Veggies
8 Superfoods You Probably Aren’t Eating
Microwaved water kills plant in home grown experiment
The experiment showed that microwaved water given to a plant causes the plant to wither and die within days; however, another identical plant given water that was boiled on a conventional stove grew normally during the same time period.
Common household materials contains a toxic brew of dangerous chemicals
The Cutest Vegetarian Kids of 2010
Plankton decline across oceans as waters warm
The amount of phytoplankton - tiny marine plants - in the top layers of the oceans has declined markedly over the last century, research suggests.
Mainstream media journalists flunk high school physics when reporting on radiation
iHerb $5 Discount Off First Order
2011-04-02
Earthing (Grounding) Earth's Natural Healing Energy
Earthing (Grounding) Earth's Natural Healing Energy
醫療用的輻射 大大高於 日本輻射的洩漏
健康檢查引起的輻射風險
5 Tropical Fruits that Can Change Your Life
Coconut, Mangosteen, Avocado, Mango, Longan berries.
Go Daddy 創辦人 Bob Parsons 獵殺大象網上熱播各方狂轟 http://hk.myblog.yahoo.com/vrindavan134/article?mid=1178
Nuclear Energy Free No Nuclear Power Plants
反對核能發電
iHerb $5 Discount Off First Order
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